Article

This column republishes the original long-form articles from vonng.com behind PG Exporter’s monitoring practice. Each article keeps its original publication date, complete text, authorship, featured image, and inline figures; articles are not merged, condensed, or rewritten into summaries. When no original English edition exists, the default route preserves the Chinese original instead of inventing a translation.

The historical screenshots, commands, product names, and operating assumptions remain part of the original record. For current PG Exporter behavior, use the documentation, Design records, and Release notes.

Article
2025-12-17	Victoria: The Observability Stack That Slaps the Industry	Monitoring
2024-06-17	PGCon.Dev 2024, The conf that shutdown PG for a week	PostgreSQL PG Ecosystem
2023-10-26	PostgreSQL Macro Query Optimization with pg_stat_statements	PostgreSQL PG Admin Performance
2023-09-17	如何用Pigsty监控现有PostgreSQL (RDS/PolarDB/自建)？	Pigsty 监控 RDS
2021-02-23	A Methodology for Diagnosing PostgreSQL Slow Queries	PostgreSQL PG Admin Performance
2021-01-13	Pigsty正式发布	Pigsty 监控
2020-11-06	Golden Monitoring Metrics: Errors, Latency, Throughput, Saturation	PostgreSQL PG Admin Monitoring
2020-05-30	PostgreSQL监控系统Pigsty概述	Pigsty 监控 PostgreSQL
2020-05-29	PostgreSQL's KPI	PostgreSQL PG Admin Monitoring
2018-12-17	PostgreSQL监控系统概览	PostgreSQL 监控 PG管理
2018-10-06	Relation Bloat Monitoring and Management	PostgreSQL PG Admin
2018-05-14	Monitoring Table Size in PostgreSQL	PostgreSQL PG Admin Monitoring
2018-02-06	PostgreSQL Server Log Regular Configuration	PostgreSQL PG Admin Monitoring

Victoria: The Observability Stack That Slaps the Industry

2025-12-17 Vonng 639 words 3 min

Monitoring

VictoriaMetrics is brutally efficient—using a fraction of Prometheus + Loki’s resources for multiples of the performance. Pigsty v4 swaps to the Victoria stack; here’s the beta for anyone eager to try …

Victoria: The Observability Stack That Slaps the Industry

2025-12-17 By Vonng In Article 639 words 3 min

Vonng Monitoring

I’ve spent the last few weeks preparing Pigsty v4.0. The headliner: ripping out Prometheus + Loki and dropping in the full Victoria stack. VictoriaMetrics is no-frills brute force—it just works and it’s ridiculous. The observability portion is done, …

I’ve spent the last few weeks preparing Pigsty v4.0. The headliner: ripping out Prometheus + Loki and dropping in the full Victoria stack. VictoriaMetrics is no-frills brute force—it just works and it’s ridiculous. The observability portion is done, …
PGCon.Dev 2024, The conf that shutdown PG for a week

2024-06-17 By Vonng In Article 3392 words 16 min

Vonng PostgreSQL PG Ecosystem

PGCon.Dev, once known as PGCon—the annual must-attend gathering for PostgreSQL hackers and key forum for its future direction, has been held in Ottawa since its inception in 2007. This year marks a new chapter as the original organizer, Dan, hands …

PGCon.Dev, once known as PGCon—the annual must-attend gathering for PostgreSQL hackers and key forum for its future direction, has been held in Ottawa since its inception in 2007. This year marks a new chapter as the original organizer, Dan, hands …
PostgreSQL Macro Query Optimization with pg_stat_statements

2023-10-26 By Nikolay Samokhvalov In Article 4334 words 21 min

Nikolay Samokhvalov PostgreSQL PG Admin Performance

In production online databases, slow queries not only affect end-user experience but also waste system resources, increase resource saturation, cause deadlocks and transaction conflicts, increase database connection pressure, and lead to master-slave …

In production online databases, slow queries not only affect end-user experience but also waste system resources, increase resource saturation, cause deadlocks and transaction conflicts, increase database connection pressure, and lead to master-slave …
如何用Pigsty监控现有PostgreSQL (RDS/PolarDB/自建)？

2023-09-17 By Vonng In Article 2532 words 6 min

Vonng Pigsty 监控 RDS

Pigsty 是一个开箱即用的 PostgreSQL 发行版，与本地优先的 RDS 开源替代。但它也可以单独作为一个 PostgreSQL/主机监控系统来使用。本文以阿里云为例，介绍了用一台 ECS 安装部署 Pigsty，并用于监控云上的 PolarDB 与 RDS for PostgreSQL，为现有数据库带来极致的观测能力。嵌入媒体快速上手使用 Pigsty 教程分为四个步骤： 1.申请用于部署 Pigsty 的 ECS 服务器2.在 ECS 服务器上完整单机安装 Pigsty3.配 …

Pigsty 是一个开箱即用的 PostgreSQL 发行版，与本地优先的 RDS 开源替代。但它也可以单独作为一个 PostgreSQL/主机监控系统来使用。本文以阿里云为例，介绍了用一台 ECS 安装部署 Pigsty，并用于监控云上的 PolarDB 与 RDS for PostgreSQL，为现有数据库带来极致的观测能力。嵌入媒体快速上手使用 Pigsty 教程分为四个步骤： 1.申请用于部署 Pigsty 的 ECS 服务器2.在 ECS 服务器上完整单机安装 Pigsty3.配 …
A Methodology for Diagnosing PostgreSQL Slow Queries

2021-02-23 By Vonng In Article 349 words 2 min

Vonng PostgreSQL PG Admin Performance

“You can’t optimize what you can’t measure.” Slow queries hog connections, hold locks, block replication, trigger deadlocks, and waste resources. Every DBA must know how to find and fix them quickly. Traditional tools pg_stat_statements – essential …

“You can’t optimize what you can’t measure.” Slow queries hog connections, hold locks, block replication, trigger deadlocks, and waste resources. Every DBA must know how to find and fix them quickly. Traditional tools pg_stat_statements – essential …
Pigsty正式发布

2021-01-13 By Vonng In Article 1755 words 4 min

Vonng Pigsty 监控

今天我很荣幸的宣布，Pigsty正式发布了！官方网站：https://pigsty.cc Pigsty是什么？ Pigsty是针对大规模PostgreSQL集群的监控系统 Pigsty是高可用PostgreSQL集群的供给方案 Pigsty基于开源生态构建，是免费的开源软件 Pigsty 针对大规模数据库集群监控与管理而设计，提供业界顶尖的PostgreSQL监控系统与开箱即用的高可用数据库供给方案。Pigsty基于开源生态构建，旨在降低PostgreSQL使用管理的门槛，为用户带来极致的可观 …

今天我很荣幸的宣布，Pigsty正式发布了！官方网站：https://pigsty.cc Pigsty是什么？ Pigsty是针对大规模PostgreSQL集群的监控系统 Pigsty是高可用PostgreSQL集群的供给方案 Pigsty基于开源生态构建，是免费的开源软件 Pigsty 针对大规模数据库集群监控与管理而设计，提供业界顶尖的PostgreSQL监控系统与开箱即用的高可用数据库供给方案。Pigsty基于开源生态构建，旨在降低PostgreSQL使用管理的门槛，为用户带来极致的可观 …
Golden Monitoring Metrics: Errors, Latency, Throughput, Saturation

2020-11-06 By Vonng In Article 1235 words 6 min

Vonng PostgreSQL PG Admin Monitoring

Preface Playing with databases and playing with cars have something in common - they both require frequently checking the dashboard. What are you doing staring at the dashboard? Looking at metrics. Why look at metrics? You need to understand the …

Preface Playing with databases and playing with cars have something in common - they both require frequently checking the dashboard. What are you doing staring at the dashboard? Looking at metrics. Why look at metrics? You need to understand the …
PostgreSQL监控系统Pigsty概述

2020-05-30 By Vonng In Article 4435 words 9 min

Vonng Pigsty 监控 PostgreSQL

近自己做了套数据库监控系统，搞的还可以，简单给大家介绍一下。 Pigsty is an advanced PostgreSQL monitoring systemd based on open source projects like prometheus & grafana. PIGSTY /pɪɡ staɪ/ is the abbreviation of “Postgres in Grafana Style”. Pigsty是一个基于Grafana与Prometheus与Consul的 …

近自己做了套数据库监控系统，搞的还可以，简单给大家介绍一下。 Pigsty is an advanced PostgreSQL monitoring systemd based on open source projects like prometheus & grafana. PIGSTY /pɪɡ staɪ/ is the abbreviation of “Postgres in Grafana Style”. Pigsty是一个基于Grafana与Prometheus与Consul的 …
PostgreSQL's KPI

2020-05-29 By Vonng In Article 3038 words 15 min

Vonng PostgreSQL PG Admin Monitoring

Managing databases is similar to managing people - both need KPIs (Key Performance Indicators). So what are database KPIs? This article introduces a way to measure PostgreSQL load: using a single horizontally comparable metric that is basically …

Managing databases is similar to managing people - both need KPIs (Key Performance Indicators). So what are database KPIs? This article introduces a way to measure PostgreSQL load: using a single horizontally comparable metric that is basically …
PostgreSQL监控系统概览

2018-12-17 By Vonng In Article 2393 words 5 min

Vonng PostgreSQL 监控 PG管理

PostgreSQL驾驶技巧 PostgreSQL是一个很棒的数据库，但也相当复杂。上手虽简单，但想要用好不容易，想要管理好就更麻烦了。监控系统是几乎所有运维工作的基础，更亦是驾驭数据库的必备工具。用好一个监控系统，理解各种指标背后的意义并不是一件简单的事情，因此本司机决定写一系列文章，来介绍了PostgreSQL监控系统的设计，实施与使用。 0x01 PostgreSQL监控面板为了帮助读者形成一种直觉，这里展示了在实际环境中，我所使用的监控面板。最为常用的监控面板为“单数据库实例”监控，并 …

PostgreSQL驾驶技巧 PostgreSQL是一个很棒的数据库，但也相当复杂。上手虽简单，但想要用好不容易，想要管理好就更麻烦了。监控系统是几乎所有运维工作的基础，更亦是驾驭数据库的必备工具。用好一个监控系统，理解各种指标背后的意义并不是一件简单的事情，因此本司机决定写一系列文章，来介绍了PostgreSQL监控系统的设计，实施与使用。 0x01 PostgreSQL监控面板为了帮助读者形成一种直觉，这里展示了在实际环境中，我所使用的监控面板。最为常用的监控面板为“单数据库实例”监控，并 …
Relation Bloat Monitoring and Management

2018-10-06 By Vonng In Article 3167 words 15 min

Vonng PostgreSQL PG Admin

Author: Vonng (@Vonng) PostgreSQL uses MVCC as its primary concurrency control technology. While it has many benefits, it also brings other effects, such as relation bloat. Relation bloat (table and index) negatively impacts database performance and …

Author: Vonng (@Vonng) PostgreSQL uses MVCC as its primary concurrency control technology. While it has many benefits, it also brings other effects, such as relation bloat. Relation bloat (table and index) negatively impacts database performance and …
Monitoring Table Size in PostgreSQL

2018-05-14 By Vonng In Article 903 words 5 min

Vonng PostgreSQL PG Admin Monitoring

Table Space Layout In the broad sense, a Table includes two parts: the main table and TOAST table: Main table: stores the relation’s own data, i.e., the narrow sense relation, relkind='r'. TOAST table: corresponds one-to-one with the main table, …

Table Space Layout In the broad sense, a Table includes two parts: the main table and TOAST table: Main table: stores the relation’s own data, i.e., the narrow sense relation, relkind='r'. TOAST table: corresponds one-to-one with the main table, …
PostgreSQL Server Log Regular Configuration

2018-02-06 By Vonng In Article 654 words 4 min

Vonng PostgreSQL PG Admin Monitoring

It’s recommended to configure PostgreSQL’s log format as CSV for easy analysis, and it can be directly imported into PostgreSQL data tables. Log-Related Configuration Items log_destination ='csvlog' logging_collector =on log_directory ='log' …

It’s recommended to configure PostgreSQL’s log format as CSV for easy analysis, and it can be directly imported into PostgreSQL data tables. Log-Related Configuration Items log_destination ='csvlog' logging_collector =on log_directory ='log' …

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